白富美的眼中盯
问题描述
我正在 learnpythonthehardway 中的练习 41 并不断收到错误:
i am working on exercise 41 in learnpythonthehardway and keep getting the error:
traceback (most recent call last): file ".url.py", line 72, inquestion, answer = convert(snippet, phrase) file ".url.py", line 50, in convert result = result.replace("###", word, 1) typeerror: can't convert 'bytes' object to str implicitly
我使用的是python3，而书籍使用的是python2，所以我做了一些更改.这是脚本:
i am using python3 while the books uses python2, so i have made some changes. here is the script:
#!/usr/bin/python
# filename: urllib.py
import random
from random import shuffle
from urllib.request import urlopen
import sys
word_url = "http://www.51sjk.com/upload/articles/1/0/340/340399_20221223101818247.txt"
words = []
phrases = {
"class ###(###):":
"make a class named ### that is-a ###.",
"class ###(object):
def __init__(self, ***)" :
"class ### has-a __init__ that takes self and *** parameters.",
"class ###(object):
def ***(self, @@@)":
"class ### has-a funciton named *** that takes self and @@@ parameters.",
"*** = ###()":
"set *** to an instance of class ###.",
"***.*** = '***'":
"from *** get the *** attribute and set it to '***'."
}
# do they want to drill phrases first
phrase_first = false
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == "english":
phrase_first = true
# load up the words from the website
for word in urlopen(word_url).readlines():
words.append(word.strip())
def convert(snippet, phrase):
class_names = [w.capitalize() for w in
random.sample(words, snippet.count("###"))]
other_names = random.sample(words, snippet.count("***"))
results = []
param_names = []
for i in range(0, snippet.count("@@@")):
param_count = random.randint(1,3)
param_names.append(', '.join(random.sample(words, param_count)))
for sentence in snippet, phrase:
result = sentence[:]
# fake class names
for word in class_names:
result = result.replace("###", word, 1)
# fake other names
for word in other_names:
result = result.replace("***", word, 1)
# fake parameter lists
for word in param_names:
result = result.replace("@@@", word, 1)
results.append(result)
return results
# keep going until they hit ctrl-d
try:
while true:
snippets = list(phrases.keys())
random.shuffle(snippets)
for snippet in snippets:
phrase = phrases[snippet]
question, answer = convert(snippet, phrase)
if phrase_first:
question, answer = answer, question
print(question)
input("> ")
print("answer: {}
".format(answer))
except eoferror:
print("
bye")
我到底做错了什么?谢谢！
what exactly am i doing wrong here? thanks!
推荐答案
urlopen() 返回一个字节对象，要对其执行字符串操作，您应该将其转换为 str 首先.
urlopen() returns a bytes object, to perform string operations over it you should convert it to str first.
for word in urlopen(word_url).readlines():
words.append(word.strip().decode('utf-8')) # utf-8 works in your case
要获得正确的字符集:如何下载python中有正确字符集的任何(！)网页吗?
